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L'Emblema del 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment (506th PIR)
Easy Company, 506th Parachute Regiment
La Easy Company, 506th Parachute Regiment (Compagnia "Easy"), ovvero la Compagnia E del 2º Battaglione del 506º Reggimento di Fanteria Paracadutista (PIR) della 101ª Divisione Aviotrasportata detta le "aquile urlanti" (Screaming Eagles), fu una compagnia militare dell'esercito degli Stati Uniti durante la seconda guerra mondiale.
La storia della compagnia Easy è raccontata nel saggio storico di Stephen Ambrose Banda di fratelli, dal quale nel 2001 la HBO produsse la miniserie televisiva Band of Brothers - Fratelli al fronte. Nel 2009, venti degli ultimi pochi sopravvissuti, raccontarono le loro storie nel progetto di libro orale We Who Are Alive and Remain: Untold Stories From the Band of Brothers.
E Company, 2nd Battalion of the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment of the 101st Airborne Division, the "Screaming Eagles", is a company in the United States Army. The experiences of its members during World War II are the subject of the HBO miniseries Band of Brothers based on the book of the same name by historian Stephen Ambrose.
Fonte: Wikipedia
Source: Wikipedia
La marcia del 2° battaglione
Nel 1942, per completare l'addestramento a Camp Toccoa, il II. battaglione marciò per 118 miglia (190 km) verso Atlanta:
questa marcia si concluse in 75 ore e 15 minuti, dei quali 33 ore e
mezzo impiegate nella marcia vera e propria. Solamente 12 uomini dei 556
che formavano il battaglione non riuscirono a completare la marcia, a
differenza di tutti e 30 gli ufficiali, compreso il comandante di
compagnia, Maggiore Robert L. Strayer.
The march of the 2nd Battalion
The regiment was initially formed during World War II at Camp Toccoa, Georgia, in 1942 where it earned its nickname, "Currahees", after the camp's Currahee Mountain.
Paratroopers in training ran from Camp Toccoa up Currahee Mountain and
back with the shout "three miles up, three miles down!". The Cherokee
word, which translates to "Stand Alone", also became the unit's motto.
Members of the unit wear the spade (♠) symbol on the helmet outer and
the Screaming Eagle patch (indicating membership in the 101st Airborne Division) on the left sleeve. Its first commanding officer was Colonel Robert F. Sink,
and the 506th was sometimes referred to as the "Five-Oh-Sink". On 10
June 1943, the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment officially became part
of the 101st Airborne Division, commanded by Major General William Lee, the "father of the U.S. Army Airborne".
Sink read in Reader's Digest about a Japanese Army
unit that held the world record for marching. Sink believed his men
could do better, so he marched the regiment from Camp Toccoa to Atlanta:
137 miles (220 km) in 75 hours and 15 minutes, including 33.5 hours of
actual marching. Only 12 of the 2nd Battalion's 556 enlisted men failed
to complete the march. All 30 officers completed it, including 2nd
Battalion commander Major Robert Strayer. Newspapers covered the march; many civilians turned out to cheer the men as they neared Five Points. In Atlanta, they boarded trains for Airborne School in Fort Benning, Georgia
Fonte: Wikipedia
Source: Wikipedia
Il 506º Reggimento di Fanteria Paracadutista (506th PIR)
Durante la seconda guerra mondiale il 506º Reggimento di Fanteria Paracadutista (506th PIR) fu uno dei reggimenti della 101ª Divisione Aviotrasportata dell'esercito degli Stati Uniti. La Easy Company, una compagnia del reggimento è stata protagonista della miniserie televisiva della HBO Band of Brothers.
Storia
Durante la seconda guerra mondiale
Addestrato inizialmente presso Camp Toccoa, in Georgia, nel 1942,
dopo un'intensiva formazione sui Monti Currahee, situati nelle
vicinanze del campo, il reggimento prese il proprio motto che lo rese
famoso per tutta la guerra: "the Currahees"; una parola Cherokee che può essere tradotta come "Stands Alone". Per tutta la durata della seconda guerra mondiale, il reggimento fu al comando del Colonnello Robert F. Sink. Il 10 giugno del 1942, il 506° venne aggregato alla 101ª Divisione aviotrasportata.
Per completare l'addestramento a Camp Toccoa, il II. battaglione marciò per 118 miglia (190 km) verso Atlanta:
questa marcia si concluse in 75 ore e 15 minuti, dei quali 33 ore e
mezzo impiegate nella marcia vera e propria. Solamente 12 uomini dei 556
che formavano il battaglione non riuscirono a completare la marcia, a
differenza di tutti e 30 gli ufficiali, compreso il comandante di
compagnia, Maggiore Robert L. Strayer.
Il 506° partecipò a tre grandi battaglie durante la guerra: il D-Day, l'operazione Market Garden, e la battaglia delle Ardenne.
D-Day: Operation Chicago
Come molte altre unità paracadutiste, il 506° venne impegnato nell'Operazione Chicago, in una serie di lanci notturni precedenti al D-Day. La più importante azione del reggimento fu l'assalto a Brécourt Manor.
Nonostante i piani iniziali che prevedevano l'impiego della
divisione per 3 giorni, gli uomini furono impegnati in azione per ben 33
giorni consecutivi, partecipando anche attivamente alla battaglia per
la conquista di Carentan. Dei circa 2.000 uomini che si lanciarono in Francia nella notte del 5 giugno 1944, 231 vennero uccisi in azione, 569 vennero feriti, mentre 183 furono i dispersi o prigionieri di guerra: quasi il 50% delle perdite degli effettivi.
Dopo la guerra
Sciolto nel 1945, il reggimento venne ricostituito tra il 1948–1949, e ancora tra il 1950–1953, e infine nel 1954 come nucleo di comando per l'addestramento delle reclute. Riattivato nuovamente nel 1956, il reggimento, durante la crisi dei missili di Cuba, il 1º ottobre 1962, il 506° venne trasferito a Oxford nel Mississippi, per assistere le forze locali nel ripristinare l'ordine dopo l'arrivo di James Meredith all'Università del Mississippi.
Come parte della 101ª Divisione aviotrasportata, il reggimento venne impegnato durante la guerra del Vietnam, tra il 1964 e il 1971; dove giocò un ruolo decisivo nella battaglia di Hamburger Hill e durante l'offensiva del Têt. L'unità venne ridenominata "Air mobile" nel 1969, e "Air assault" nel 1974. Durante le operazioni in Vietnam, 5 soldati del reggimento vennero decorati con la Medal of Honor.
Sciolto nel 1984, il 506° venne ricostituito presso Camp Greaves nel zona demilitarizzata coreana nel 1987 come parte della 2. Divisione di fanteria.
Nel 2004, il 506° venne trasferito in Iraq, che ha abbandonato, nell'agosto del 2005, per far ritorno alle proprie basi di Fort Campbell nel Kentucky.
506th Parachute Infantry Regiment (506th PIR)
The 506th Infantry Regiment, originally designated the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment (506th PIR) during World War II, is an airborne light infantry regiment of the United States Army. Currently a parent regiment under the U.S. Army Regimental System, the regiment has two active battalions: the 1st Battalion, 506th Infantry Regiment (1-506th IR) is assigned to the 1st Brigade Combat Team, 101st Airborne Division, and the 2nd Battalion, 506th Infantry Regiment (2-506th IR) is assigned to the 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 101st Airborne Division.
The regiment served with the 101st Airborne Division in World War II. Regimental elements have served with the 101st in Vietnam, Iraq, and Afghanistan. Regimental elements have also served in peacetime with the 2nd Infantry Division, and deployed to Operation Iraqi Freedom. The regiment's Company E ("Easy Company") actions during World War II were featured in the 2001 HBO miniseries Band of Brothers.
History
World War II
The regiment was initially formed during World War II at Camp Toccoa, Georgia, in 1942 where it earned its nickname, "Currahees", after the camp's Currahee Mountain. Paratroopers in training ran from Camp Toccoa up Currahee Mountain and back with the shout "three miles up, three miles down!". The Cherokee word, which translates to "Stand Alone", also became the unit's motto. Members of the unit wear the spade (♠) symbol on the helmet outer and the Screaming Eagle patch (indicating membership in the 101st Airborne Division) on the left sleeve. Its first commanding officer was Colonel Robert F. Sink, and the 506th was sometimes referred to as the "Five-Oh-Sink". On 10 June 1943, the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment officially became part of the 101st Airborne Division, commanded by Major General William Lee, the "father of the U.S. Army Airborne".
Sink read in Reader's Digest about a Japanese Army unit that held the world record for marching. Sink believed his men could do better, so he marched the regiment from Camp Toccoa to Atlanta: 137 miles (220 km) in 75 hours and 15 minutes, including 33.5 hours of actual marching. Only 12 of the 2nd Battalion's 556 enlisted men failed to complete the march. All 30 officers completed it, including 2nd Battalion commander Major Robert Strayer. Newspapers covered the march; many civilians turned out to cheer the men as they neared Five Points. In Atlanta, they boarded trains for Airborne School in Fort Benning, Georgia.
The 506th would participate in three major battles during the war: D-day landings, Operation Market Garden, and the Battle of the Bulge. (They would have participated in Operation Varsity, but SHAEF decided to use the 17th Airborne Division instead.)
D-Day: Operation Overlord
Like almost all paratrooper units, the 506th was widely scattered during the Mission Albany night drop on the morning of D-Day. The most famous action for the 506th on D-Day was the Brécourt Manor Assault led by 1st Lieutenant Richard Winters. Later, they fought in the battle for Carentan.
The unit had been promised that they would be in battle for just three days, but the 506th did not return to England for 33 days. Of about 2,000 men who jumped into France, 231 were killed in action, 183 were missing or POWs, and 569 were wounded — about 50% casualties for the Normandy campaign.
Operation Market Garden
The airborne component of Operation Market Garden, Operation Market was composed of American units (82nd Airborne Division, the 101st Airborne Division, and the IX Troop Carrier Command), British units (1st Airborne Division) and Polish units (1st Independent Parachute Brigade). The airborne units were dropped near several key bridges along the axis of advance of the ground forces, Operation Garden, with the objective of capturing the bridges intact in order to allow a deep penetration into the German-occupied Netherlands and to capture the key bridge crossing the River Rhine at Arnhem.
The 101st Airborne was assigned five bridges just north of the German defensive lines northwest of Eindhoven. The daylight schedule resulted in well-targeted and controlled drops into the designated zones. The 101st captured all but one bridge, the one at Son, which its German defenders blew up as the airborne units approached. The ground forces of British XXX Corps linked up with elements of the 101st Airborne on the second day of operations but the advance of the ground forces was delayed while engineers replaced the Son bridge with a Bailey Bridge. XXX Corps then continued its advance into the 82nd Airborne's area of operations where it was halted just shy of Arnhem due to German counterattacks along the length of the deep penetration.
The 101st Airborne continued to support XXX Corps advance during the remainder of Operation Market Garden with several running battles over the next several days.
Battle of the Bulge
The 506th fought in the Battle of the Bulge from December 1944-January 1945. In December, the unit, along with the rest of the 101st Airborne Division, was resting and refitting in France after Operation Market Garden. On 16 December, General Dwight D. Eisenhower, the Supreme Allied Commander on the Western Front, ordered them to move into the Belgian town of Bastogne by 18 December, so that the Germans would not gain access to its important crossroads. The short-notice move left the unit short of food, ammunition, arms, men, and winter clothing. The unit, along with the rest of the 101st Airborne, was encircled immediately. The 506th was sent to the eastern section of the siege. During the siege, there were reports of problems with tying in the gap in between the 501st PIR and the 506th. To stall the Germans so that the defense could be set up, the 1st Battalion of the 506th (along with Team Desobry from the 10th Armored Division) was sent out to fight the Germans in the towns of Noville and Foy. One-third (about 200 men) of the battalion was destroyed, but took out 30 enemy tanks and inflicted 500 to 1,000 casualties. The battalion was put into reserve and the 2nd and 3rd Battalions were put on the lines. A supply drop on 22 December helped to some extent. After the U.S. Third Army, under General George Patton, broke the encirclement, the 506th stayed on the line and spearheaded the entire offensive by liberating Foy and Noville in January, until being transferred to Haguenau. They were pulled off the line in late February 1945.
Rest of the war
The regiment was put back on the line on 2 April, and continued for the rest of the war, taking light casualties. It helped encircle the Ruhr Pocket and capture Berchtesgaden, then took up occupational duties in Zell am See, Austria. The 506th then began training to be redeployed to the Pacific theater but the war ended in August 1945.
Post World War II
The 506th was deactivated in 1945, then was re-activated as the 506th Airborne Infantry Regiment in 1948–1949, again in 1950–1953 and finally, in 1954 to train recruits. Despite the designation "Airborne Infantry" and its continuing assignment in the 101st Airborne Division, none of these troops received airborne training, nor was the "Airborne" tab worn above the Divisional patch.
The colors of the 101st were reactivated as a combat division in 1956 under the Pentomic structure, which eliminated infantry regiments and battalions in favor of five battle groups per division. The colors of Company A, 504AIR were reactivated as HHC, 1st Airborne Battle Group, 506th Infantry, the only active element of the 506th. Just before the Cuban Missile Crisis, on 1 October 1962, 1-506th was deployed to Oxford, Mississippi to assist in restoring order after James Meredith arrived to integrate the University of Mississippi.
The 506th has been deployed in:
- Vietnam
- South Korea
- Iraq
- Afghanistan
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